Journal: Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Article Title: Mesenchymal stem cells combined with liraglutide relieve acute lung injury through apoptotic signaling restrained by PKA/β-catenin

doi: 10.1186/s13287-020-01689-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: Liraglutide reduces apoptosis of hCMSCs via PKA/β-catenin pathway. a Western blot and b RT-qPCR verify the knockdown effects of three Si-GLP-1R in hCMSCs. c , d Western blot was used to detect of β-catenin and p-β-catenin expression under the stimulation of LPS by adding 20 μM H89 or 100 nM Si-GLP-1R and liraglutide. e The expression of apoptotic proteins Bax, Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-9, and cleaved caspase-3 was detected by western blot with PKA inhibitor H89 and liraglutide. f The expression of GLP-1R and apoptotic proteins Bax, Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-9, and cleaved caspase-3 were detected by western blot with Si-GLP-1R and liraglutide. Error bars represent mean ± SD from three independent experiments. Compared with Si-con group, *** P < 0.001

Article Snippet: To verify the PKA/β-catenin pathway, MSCs were exposed to 10 nM liraglutide or 100 nM SiRNA or 20 μM PKA inhibitor H89 (MCE, Cat. No. 130964-39-5, USA) on the premise of exposure to 30 μg/mL LPS.

Techniques: Western Blot, Quantitative RT-PCR, Knockdown, Expressing

Journal: Cell reports

Article Title: Retrograde adenosine/A 2A receptor signaling facilitates excitatory synaptic transmission and seizures

doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114382

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Left, Diagram illustrating the recording configuration. MC and MPP EPSCs were recorded from the same GC and evoked with stimulation electrodes placed in the inner and middle molecular layer, respectively. Right, Current clamp recording showing GC theta-burst firing (GC TBF). LTP induction protocol (GC TBF) was composed of 10 bursts at 5 Hz of 5 action potentials at 50 Hz, repeated 4 times every 5 s. (B) Left, Representative traces before (1) and after (2) GC TBF delivery. Right, Time-course plot showing that GC TBF induced LTP at MC-GC but not at MPP-GC synapses. (C) GC TBF-induced LTP was associated with significant reduction in PPR and CV (n = 13 cells). ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001. (D) LTP was abolished when TrkB was conditionally knocked out from from GCs (Post TrkB cKO, TrkBfl/fl mice injected in the dorsal blade with AAV5.CaMKII.Cre.GFP). LTP was unaffected in control animals (Control, TrkBfl/fl mice injected in the dorsal blade with AAV5.CaMKII.eGFP). (E) LTP was normally induced when loading PKI6-22 (2.5 μM) in GCs via the recording pipette but completely blocked when the cell-permeable PKA inhibitor PKI14-22 myristoylated (1 μM) was bath applied. (F) Summary bar graph showing the magnitude of GC TBF-induced LTP in the presence of DGC-IV (1 μM), when TrkB was conditionally knocked out from MCs (Pre TrkB cKO), when loading the PKI6-22 (2.5 μM) in GCs, and in the presence of D-APV (50 μM). LTP was abolished in the presence of the TrkB antagonist ANA-12 (15 μM), when Botox (0.5 μM) was loaded postsynaptically, in postsynaptic BDNF and TrkB cKO mice, and during bath application of the PKA inhibitors H89 (10 μM) or myristoylated PKI14-22 μM). Time-course summary plots are shown in Figure S1. ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001. (G) Scheme illustrating the emerging model for the mechanism underlying GC TBF-LTP. GC TBF triggers postsynaptic BDNF release and subsequent TrkB activation in GCs (1). Presynaptic PKA is then engaged downstream of postsynaptic BDNF/TrkB signaling (2), suggesting the requirement of a retrograde signal. Lastly, presynaptic PKA activation resulted in a long-lasting increase in glutamate release (3). Numbers in parentheses indicate the number of cells. Data are presented as mean ± SEM.

Article Snippet: H89 dihydrochloride , Tocris Bioscience , Cat#2910.

Techniques: Injection, Control, Transferring, Activation Assay

Journal: Cell reports

Article Title: Retrograde adenosine/A 2A receptor signaling facilitates excitatory synaptic transmission and seizures

doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114382

Figure Lengend Snippet: KEY RESOURCES TABLE

Article Snippet: H89 dihydrochloride , Tocris Bioscience , Cat#2910.

Techniques: Virus, Plasmid Preparation, Recombinant, Software